Trees

Trees

Description	中文（简体）‎: 中国湖南怀化市（中坡山森林公园） English: Taken near temple on Zhong Po Mountain
Date	28 February 2013
Source	http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Teacher McKinley
Camera location	27° 33′ 00″ N, 109° 58′ 00″ E
Permission	Public Domain / CC-Zero
Licensing	This work has been released into the public domain by its author. This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

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From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

Fire Pink in Mammoth Cave National Park

Fire Pink in Mammoth Cave National Park

Description	English: Fire Pink in Mammoth Cave National Park 패랭이꽃과(科) 끈끈이대나물속(屬)의 초본 (매머드 케이브 국립 공원)
Date	19 July 2009
Source	http://www.nps.gov/ http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	National Park Service Digital Image Archives
Camera location	.
Permission	Public Domain All photographs and images in this archive [National Park Service Digital Image Archives] are public domain images. You are free to use these images without a release from the National Park Service. However, the photographs and images must not be used to imply National Park Service endorsement of a product, service, organization or individual.
Licensing	This work has been released into the public domain by its author. This image or media file contains material based on a work of a National Park Service employee, created as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, such work is in the public domain.

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From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

Hoar-frosted trees

Hoar-frosted trees

Description	English: Hoar-frosted trees in Tuira, Oulu. Suomi: Kuuraisia puita Oulun Tuirassa.
Date	6 January 2013
Source	http://commons.wikimedia.org/
Author	Estormiz
Camera location	65° 01′ 22.12″ N, 25° 28′ 55.49″ E
Permission	Public Domain / CC-Zero
Licensing	This work has been released into the public domain by its author. This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.

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From Wikimedia Commons http://commons.wikimedia.org/

Melampyrum pratense

Melampyrum pratense

Melampyrum pratense, common cow-wheat, is a plant species in the family Orobanchaceae.

The seed of the plant has an elaiosome, which is attractive to wood ants (Formica spp.). The ants disperse the seeds of the plant when they take them back to their nests to feed their young.[1] The plant is an Ancient Woodland indicator, as the ants rarely carry the seeds more than a few yards, seldom crossing a field to go to a new woodland.

M. pratense is a food plant of the caterpillars of the Heath Fritillary (Melitaea athalia), a butterfly.[2]

M. pratense herb has been used in the traditional Austrian medicine internally as tea or externally as pillow filling for treatment of rheumatism and blood vessels calcification.[3]

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References

[1]^ Puplett, D. Symbiosis. Trees for Life. Accessed 22 June 2013.
[2]^ Heath Frittilary (Melitaea athalia). UK Butterflies. Accessed 22 June 2013.
[3]^ Vogl S, Picker P, Mihaly-Bison J, Fakhrudin N, Atanasov AG, Heiss EH, Wawrosch C, Reznicek G, Dirsch VM, Saukel J, Kopp B. Ethnopharmacological in vitro studies on Austria's folk medicine - An unexplored lore in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs. J Ethnopharmacol.2013 Jun13. doi:pii: S0378-8741(13)00410-8. 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.007. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 23770053. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23770053

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melampyrum_pratense

Siberian chrysanthemum

Siberian chrysanthemum

Geranium maculatum

Geranium maculatum

Geranium maculatum, the Spotted Geranium, Wood Geranium, or Wild Geranium is a woodland perennial plant native to eastern North America, from southern Manitoba and southwestern Quebec south to Alabama and Georgia and west to Oklahoma and South Dakota.[1][2] It is known as Spotted Cranesbill or Wild Cranesbill in Europe, but the Wood Cranesbill is another plant, the related G. sylvatium (a European native called "Woodland Geranium" in North America). Colloquial names are Alum Root, Alum Bloom and Old Maid's Nightcap.

It grows in dry to moist woods and is normally abundant when found. It is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to 60 cm tall, producing upright usually unbranched stems and flowers in spring to early summer. The leaves are palmately lobed with five or seven deeply cut lobes, 10–12.5 cm broad, with a petiole up to 30 cm long arising from the rootstock. They are deeply parted into three or five divisions, each of which is again cleft and toothed. The flowers are 2.5–4 cm diameter, with five rose-purple, pale or violet-purple (rarely white) petals and ten stamens; they appear from April to June in loose clusters of two to five at the top of the stems. The fruit capsule, which springs open when ripe, consists of five cells each containing one seed joined to a long beak-like column 2–3 cm long (resembling a crane's bill) produced from the center of the old flower. The rhizome is long, and 5 to 10 cm thick, with numerous branches. The rhizomes are covered with scars, showing the remains of stems of previous years growth. When dry it has a somewhat purplish color internally. Plants go dormant in early summer after seed is ripe and dispersed.[2][3][4]

The plant has been used in herbal medicine, and is also grown as a garden plant. Wild Geranium is considered an astringent, a substance that causes contraction of the tissues and stops bleeding. The Mesquakie Indians brewed a root tea for toothache and for painful nerves and mashed the roots for treating hemorrhoids.[5]

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References

[1]^ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Geranium maculatum
[2]^ a b BorealForest: Geranium maculatum
[3]^ Missouriplants: Geranium maculatum
[4]^ Gleason, H. A. (1952). The New Britton and Brown Illustrated Flora of the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, Vol. 2, page 457. Hafner Press, New York. 63-16478.
[5]^ Plants for a Future: Geranium maculatum

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geranium_maculatum

Lycoris radiata

Lycoris radiata

Scientific classification	.
Kingdom	Plantae
Clade	Angiosperms
Clade	Monocots
Order	Asparagales
Family	Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily	Amaryllidoideae
Genus	Lycoris
Species	L. radiata
Binomial name	.
Binomial name	Lycoris radiata (L'Hér.) Herb.

Lycoris radiata (red spider lily) is a plant in the amaryllis family, Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae.[1] Originally from China, it was introduced into Japan and from there to the United States and elsewhere. It flowers in the late summer or autumn, often in response to heavy rainfall. The common name hurricane lily refers to this characteristic, as do other common names, such as resurrection lily; these may be used for the genus as a whole.[2]

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References

[1]^ Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards), Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae
[2]^ Knox, Gary W. (2011), Hurricane Lilies, Lycoris Species, in Florida, Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, retrieved 2012-04-12

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycoris_radiata